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The optimization of temperature control in a vacuum furnace used for selenization of Cu/In metallic precursors for CIS solar cells is described. The heat transfer between all parts of the furnace was analysed using SIMULINK programming. A system of state equations describing all elements of the object (vacuum furnace) is represented in the matrix form. The performed simulations were compared with...
In this work, the effect of post-growth annealing on the structural and optical properties of sputtered zirconium oxide films has been investigated. The temperature dependence of structure, density, and optical constants has been systematically studied by X-ray diffraction, X-ray reflectometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction studies show no variation in the...
The epitaxial Si layers were deposited onto silicon on insulator (SOI) substrates by chemical vapor deposition technology, and SOI substrates were manufactured with separation by implantation of oxygen technology. The dislocations and stacking faults of epitaxial Si layer and substrate were examined and their densities were calculated, respectively. The surfaces of epitaxial Si layer and SOI substrate...
The construction of a miniature Auger electron spectrometer is presented. The instrument is equipped with an electron gun of grazing incidence electrons and miniature retarding field analyser (RFA). Grazing electron beam of up to 3keV as an excitation toll provides enhanced sensitivity to the top-most surface layer. Good energy resolution was achieved thanks to the aperture placed in the centre of...
CuInSe 2 (CIS) films were deposited by stepwise flash evaporation from polycrystalline powder source onto glass substrates held at various temperatures ranging from 100 to 560K. The phase purity and microstructure were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The investigations show that films grown at 300K and below were amorphous, whereas those grown at 370K and above were polycrystalline...
Polycrystalline VO x thin films that were prepared for thermal-sensitive material of far infrared sensor had been deposited on Si substrates by ion beam sputtering deposition. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that VO x thin films (oxygen pressure of 1.5x10 -3 Pa) were grown into compact and ultra-fine grains (=<50nm), the film surfaces seemed smooth and...
Samarium cobalt films were prepared on silicon substrates with and without a chromium buffer layer at room temperature and 600 o C using direct current unbalanced magnetron sputtering. For obtaining ideal magnetic properties, the films should be free from impurities, such as O, Al and others. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and heavy ion elastic recoil detection analysis were used to...
The first level plasmons of Si in the pure Si state, in the SiO 2 state and in the Si 3 N 4 state (corresponding to bonding energy 116.95, 122.0 and 127.0eV) were investigated directly with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after 60 Co radiation. The experimental results demonstrate that there existed two interfaces, one consisted of plasmons of Si in...
A novel magnetron sputtering system, which included simply designed two grids between target and substrate, was developed in our laboratory for the synthesis of high-density MgO films. In order to investigate the effect of grids assisted magnetron sputtering, MgO films were deposited by conventional magnetron, one grid assisted magnetron and two grids assisted magnetron. The saturated ion current...
This paper studies the kinetics of hydrogen absorption for a non-evaporable getter material, and presents a basic gettering model. Hydrogen uptake takes three processes in this model: molecular dissociated chemisorption on the surface, atomic penetration from the surface to the bulk, and diffusion in the body. For low hydrogen bulk concentration a lattice-gas model is adopted to describe the diffusion...
In this work, FeCoV alloys were annealed in vacuum at various temperatures for different time, with and without applying an external magnetic field, respectively. The effect of the annealing on their magnetic properties has been investigated in regard with microstructural characterizations. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the alloy is characterized of α-Fe bcc structure. It has been found that...
Resonance frequency of quartz tuning fork crystal for use in chips of code division multiple access, personal communication system, and a global system for mobile communication was analyzed by an analytical method, Sezawa's theory and the finite element method (FEM). From the FEM analysis results, actual tuning fork crystals were fabricated using photolithography and oblique evaporation by a stencil...
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